Jallianwala Bagh, located in Amritsar, Punjab, is a historic garden and memorial commemorating the tragic massacre that occurred on April 13, 1919. On that day, British troops under Brigadier General Reginald Dyer fired upon a large, unarmed gathering of Indians who had assembled to protest against the repressive Rowlatt Act and the arrest of nationalist leaders Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew and Dr. Satyapal. The firing lasted about ten minutes, resulting in the deaths of hundreds of people and injuries to many more.
The site, encompassing approximately 7 acres, is situated near the Golden Temple complex. It features a memorial, the Amar Jyoti (eternal flame), and a museum that provides insights into the events of the massacre. Notable structures within the garden include a wall bearing bullet marks from the firing and a well near the entrance, where many people sought refuge during the chaos.
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre marked a significant turning point in India’s struggle for independence, intensifying the demand for freedom from British colonial rule. Today, the site stands as a poignant reminder of the sacrifices made during India’s fight for independence.
